(a) Explain the concept of congestion control in computer networks. Discuss briefly how TCP manages congestion during data transmission. (b)…

(a) Explain the concept of congestion control in computer networks. Discuss briefly how TCP manages congestion during data transmission.

(b) Describe the main differences between symmetric key cryptography and public key cryptography. Give one example algorithm for each type and mention a typical use-case.

(c) A data packet of size 4000 bytes to be transmitted over an Ethernet network with a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of 1500 bytes.

(i) Calculate how many fragments will be generated.

(ii) Determine the offset values of each fragment, and

(iii) Explain briefly how the receiver reassembles these fragments.